Was the Maikop culture the PIE homeland?

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Was the Maikop culture the PIE homeland? Dec 7, 2021 3:15:57 GMT

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Post by Admin on Dec 7, 2021 3:15:57 GMT

Supplementary Figure 12. Adding Globular_Amphora.
The model in which Globular_Amphora is admixed, which is a fit to the data in the sense that
there are no f-statistics more than |Z|>3 different between model and expectation. The Z-score
of the worst f-statistic (MA1, Loschbour; MA1, Globular_Amphora) = 0.075.
We continued to add EHG into the graph in Supplementary Figure 12 but failed to get fitted
models with no additional admixture event. We got four fitted models with one additional
admixture event:
b0.c1: the Z-score of the worst f-statistic = 0.051, likelihood score = 16.138 (Supplementary
Figure 13);
b0.c3: the Z-score of the worst f-statistic = 0.170, likelihood score = 80.896;
b0.c5: the Z-score of the worst f-statistic = 0.128, likelihood score = 48.025;
b0.c6: the Z-score of the worst f-statistic = 1.829, likelihood score = 9027.475;

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Was the Maikop culture the PIE homeland? Dec 8, 2021 2:19:35 GMT

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Post by Admin on Dec 8, 2021 2:19:35 GMT

Supplementary Figure 13. Adding EHG.
The model b0.c1 in which EHG are admixed deriving ancestry from MA1 and Loschbour
related lineages, which is a fit to the data in the sense that there are no f-statistics more than
|Z|>3 different between model and expectation. The Z-score of the worst f-statistic (Mbuti,
Globular_Amphora; Loschbour, Globular_Amphora) = 0.051.
We then added CHG into the above 3 graphs b0.c1, b0.c3, and b0.c5 with low Z-scores and
likelihood scores. We were not able to fit CHG into the graphs without invoking an additional
admixture event, but got 17 fitted models with one additional admixture event:
b0.c1-c2.c5: the Z-score of the worst f-statistic = 2.971, likelihood score = 13592.506;
b0.c1-c2.c6: the Z-score of the worst f-statistic = 2.849, likelihood score = 13505.251;
b0.c1-c4.d1: the Z-score of the worst f-statistic = 1.264, likelihood score = 2462.240;
b0.c1-c4.d3: the Z-score of the worst f-statistic = -2.290, likelihood score = 11176.961
b0.c1-c4.d5: the Z-score of the worst f-statistic = -2.744, likelihood score = 9730.920;
b0.c1-c4.d6: the Z-score of the worst f-statistic = 2.600, likelihood score = 12183.066;
b0.c3-c1.c4: the Z-score of the worst f-statistic = 2.879, likelihood score = 13619.849;
b0.c3-c2.c5: the Z-score of the worst f-statistic = 2.883, likelihood score = 13534.971;
b0.c3-c2.c6: the Z-score of the worst f-statistic = 2.866, likelihood score = 13543.098;
b0.c3-c4.d5: the Z-score of the worst f-statistic = 2.942, likelihood score = 16173.414;
b0.c3-c4.d6: the Z-score of the worst f-statistic = 2.559, likelihood score = 11034.631;
b0.c5-c1.c4: the Z-score of the worst f-statistic = 2.852, likelihood score = 13585.957;
b0.c5-c2.c6: the Z-score of the worst f-statistic = 2.850, likelihood score = 13525.020;
b0.c5-c2.d3: the Z-score of the worst f-statistic = 2.956, likelihood score = 13657.019;
b0.c5-c4.d4: the Z-score of the worst f-statistic = 2.890, likelihood score = 39766.289;
b0.c5-c4.d5: the Z-score of the worst f-statistic = -2.506, likelihood score = 13022.425;
b0.c5-c4.d6: the Z-score of the worst f-statistic = 2.575, likelihood score = 12207.553;

Last Edit: Dec 8, 2021 2:21:09 GMT by Admin

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Was the Maikop culture the PIE homeland? Dec 9, 2021 2:37:07 GMT

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Post by Admin on Dec 9, 2021 2:37:07 GMT

The model b0.c1-c4.d1, in which CHG are admixed deriving ancestry from basal Eurasian and
Loschbour related lineages, which is a fit to the data in the sense that there are no f-statistics
more than |Z|>3 different between model and expectation. The Z-score of the worst f-statistic
(Mbuti, CHG; Loschbour, EHG) = 1.264.
We continued to add Eneolithic_Steppe onto the model b0.c1-c4.d1 (Figure SF3.4) because this
model has the lowest Z-score and likelihood score. We obtained only one graph topology fitted
with no outliers, which models Eneolithic_Steppe as an admixture with one source of ancestry
EHG-related, and the other lineage from the basal Eurasian side that also contributed to CHG
(Supplementary Figure 15).
We continued to add Yamnaya_Caucasus into the graph in Supplementary Figure 15 and got
two fitted models with one additional admixture event:
d6.e4-c5.f6: the Z-score of the worst f-statistic = -2.823, likelihood score = 13469.860;
d6.e4-c6.f6: the Z-score of the worst f-statistic = -2.044, likelihood score = 7733.921
(Supplementary Figure 16).
We continued to add Maykop into the above two models but failed to get fitted models with no
additional admixture event or with only one additional admixture event. The best model is
shown in Supplementary Figure 17, suggesting that Maykop derives ancestry from CHG and
Globular_Amphora related lineages, but it is not a good fit to the data in the sense that there is
one f-statistics outlier: the Z-score of f (MA1, Maykop; EHG, Eneolithic_Steppe) = -3.369. The
outlier could be interpreted as suggesting unmodeled affinity between the pair of MA1 and
Eneolithic_Steppe or Maykop and EHG. We then manually added an admixture event from
MA1 to Eneolithic_Steppe in the graph in Supplementary Figure 18 and an admixture event
from EHG to Maykop in the graph in Supplementary Figure 19.

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Was the Maikop culture the PIE homeland? Dec 9, 2021 21:15:55 GMT

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Post by Admin on Dec 9, 2021 21:15:55 GMT

Supplementary Figure 15. Adding Eneolithic_Steppe.
The model in which Eneolithic_Steppe are admixed deriving ancestry from CHG related basal
Eurasian and EHG related lineages, which is a fit to the data in the sense that there are no fstatistics more than |Z|>3 different between model and expectation. The Z-score of the worst fstatistic (MA1, Loschbour; EHG, Eneolithic_Steppe) = -1.815.

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Was the Maikop culture the PIE homeland? Dec 10, 2021 20:51:06 GMT

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Post by Admin on Dec 10, 2021 20:51:06 GMT

Supplementary Figure 15. Adding Eneolithic_Steppe.
The model in which Eneolithic_Steppe are admixed deriving ancestry from CHG related basal
Eurasian and EHG related lineages, which is a fit to the data in the sense that there are no fstatistics more than |Z|>3 different between model and expectation. The Z-score of the worst fstatistic (MA1, Loschbour; EHG, Eneolithic_Steppe) = -1.815.

Last Edit: Dec 10, 2021 20:51:23 GMT by Admin